I think that Pablo Neruda created this poem to inspire a people. It was for the people of Chile during the revolution. The poem is talking about Macchu Picchu and how they were ruled and then killed because of the Spaniards. Pablo Neruda acts as a speaker for the dead at Macchu Picchu and how they wish that they revolted. If they did their people could have survived. Chile was in the same predicament. this poem was created to inspire them so that they would understand that they needed to do something about the military uprising to gain their freedom.